Results / Research > Publications

Publications

Perspectives on the performance metrics of metal-ion capacitors at laboratory scale

Ensuring common metrics is essential for the comparison of different energy storage devices. While considerable work has been done to standardize the testing and evaluation of battery and electrochemical capacitor systems, their hybrid – metal-ion capacitors (MICs) – has been less explored. This perspective therefore identifies the most important performance metrics for MICs based on the accuracy of the metric determination as well as industrial and use-case relevancy.
Publications

Recycled carbon fibers as viable anode materials for sodium-ion capacitors

This publication explores a new high-value application for recycled carbon fibers as electrode materials for sodium-ion capacitors. The study evaluates PAN-based and pitch-based recycled carbon fibers recovered through different recycling processes and compares their structural, physical and electrochemical properties with conventional hard carbon. The results show that recycled carbon fibers can effectively store sodium ions and, in particular, outperform hard carbon at high current rates. This highlights their strong potential for power-oriented energy storage applications, while also contributing to the valorization of end-of-life composite materials within a circular economy approach.
Publications

Slurry process optimization through rheological investigation for electrochemical capacitors

This publication presents a rheological study on slurry process optimization for electrochemical capacitors, exploring how aqueous-processed slurries and controlled mixing affect electrode quality and performance. The research shows that monitoring the rheological evolution during slurry preparation — a key stage in electrode manufacturing — can significantly reduce energy consumption and processing time. Optimising the slurry mixing protocol resulted in a ~35 % reduction in processing time, while producing electrodes with improved mechanical strength and electrochemical rate capability comparable to standard methods. The approach highlights a cost-effective pathway to more efficient and sustainable electrode production for electrochemical energy storage technologies.
Publications

On the Selection of the Current Collector for Water Processed Activated Carbon Electrodes for Their Application in Electrochemical Capacitors

This study addresses the need for sustainable, water-processable alternatives in the manufacturing of electrodes for electrochemical energy storage, replacing hazardous fluorine compounds and toxic solvents. The research focuses on modified aluminium current collectors for high-mass loading activated carbon (AC) electrodes, evaluating their compatibility, processability, and electrochemical performance. Results show that carbon-coated aluminium significantly improves wetting properties, mechanical stability, and electrochemical efficiency, offering the best performance over time. This makes it the optimal choice for high-power electrochemical capacitors, aligning with sustainability and cost-efficiency goals.
Publications

The Value Chain of Sustainable Dual Carbon Sodium Ion Capacitors

Sodium-ion capacitors (SICs) bridge the energy-power gap between batteries and supercapacitors, offering sustainable and scalable energy storage solutions. This review provides a 360-degree perspective on SIC technology, covering material choices, presodiation strategies, manufacturing challenges, applications and life cycle assessment to ensure economic, social, and environmental sustainability. The path toward commercial viability and large-scale deployment is critically analyzed.
Publications

Enhancing the stability of sodium-ion capacitors by introducing glyoxylic-acetal based electrolyte

This research presents a comprehensive comparison between a widely-used electrolyte (NaPF6 in EC) and a novel alternative (NaTFSI in TEG) for Sodium-ion Capacitors (#SICs). The results demonstrate the potential of the new electrolyte to significantly improve stability during float tests, offering a promising path for more durable and efficient SIC applications.
Publications

Sodium mesoxalate as pre-sodiation agent for sodium-ion capacitors

Sodium-ion capacitors (SICs) face challenges due to the low first coulombic efficiency of disordered carbon anodes. This study explores sodium mesoxalate as a pre-sodiation agent, a sustainable solution to prevent sodium ion depletion. Integrated into the activated carbon positive electrode, it achieves irreversible oxidation at ~4.3 V vs. Na+/Na with a capacity of 331 mAh g⁻¹, enhancing SIC performance.

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